For optimal nutrition, infants are encouraged to consume breast milk (ASI) for the first six months of life. However, in specific cases, mothers may opt for formula milk available in stores. When choosing to give formula milk, it’s essential for mothers to follow appropriate guidelines and be aware of any potential side effects for their babies.

Potential Side Effects of Formula Milk for Babies

Formula milk is derived from cow’s or soy milk and fortified with additional nutrients to help meet infants' dietary needs, though it cannot fully replicate the benefits of breast milk. When introducing formula milk, it’s important for mothers to select options suited to their baby’s age, needs, or particular health conditions.

While formula milk is generally safe, it may cause side effects in some infants, particularly those accustomed to breast milk.

Some of the common side effects experienced by children infants formula milk include:

Digestive Issues

Digestive problems are one of the most frequent side effects in babies who consume formula milk, often manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or bloody stools. Formula milk is harder to digest than breast milk, which may lead to digestive discomfort.

Constipation in formula-fed babies might indicate an allergy, intolerance, or absorption difficulty. Other causes of constipation could include inadequate hydration or low fiber intake, especially if the baby has started solid foods. If bowel movements occur less than twice a week, it’s best to consult a doctor about alternative nutrition sources.

Other digestive symptoms may include vomiting, bloating, or difficulty feeling full.

Eczema

It’s common for infants to have dry skin, baby acne, or itching, but if formula milk consumption leads to eczema symptoms like rashes, redness, or itching, this could suggest an allergy to ingredients in the milk. 

Runny Nose

Formula-fed babies might also develop a runny nose, accompanied by sneezing, skin bumps or red rashes, swollen lips, and watery eyes. These are often signs of an allergy to cow’s milk. For an alternative, parents might consider soy-based formulas to support their baby’s nutrition.

Obesity

Certain formulas have higher levels of added sugars. Research comparing formula-fed infants and toddlers with those who are breastfed has shown that formula-fed children may experience more rapid weight gain.

Parents sometimes feel reassured by quick weight gain in their babies and may give more formula than recommended. This habit can increase the risk of obesity, not only during infancy but also into childhood and adulthood.

Tooth Decay

Formula-fed infants, toddlers, and children may be prone to tooth decay if formula milk is consumed long-term, especially without adequate dental care.

Sugars in the milk adhere to teeth, providing food for mouth bacteria, which produce acids that erode teeth. To prevent decay, it’s crucial to clean your child’s mouth and teeth after feeding and to avoid leaving a bottle in their mouth until they fall asleep.

Formula milk is valuable for fulfilling infants’ nutritional needs, especially for premature babies or under certain conditions. For questions regarding baby nutrition, consulting a pediatrician or dietitian is recommended. You can also use the AI Care app’s consultation feature, available for download on the App Store or Play Store.

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